Verbs - Irregular

Here is an excellent link for IRREGULAR VERBS

This main page has many other USEFUL REFERENCES

Plurals

Why is "bra" singular and "panties" plural?

Links - BBC & Google Ngram

Here are some perhaps useful links:

1 - BBC LEARNING ENGLISH

2 - Google's Ngram Viewer

Hint: You can use this to select which word might be a better choice to use.

Pronounciation

Some words are difficult to say --- the 'RL' sound.

WORLD PEACE, said one bumper sticker.
WHIRLED PEAS, said another bumper sticker.

Is there a difference in pronounciation in the two phrases above? Yes, but very slight.

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The GIRL CURLED UP on the couch to take a nap.
The boy HURLED the ball against the wall.

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Dictionaries

Dictionary Links	Language Translations
Internet/Computer Slang (Some TECH SLANG)	American Slang ---> English
Urban Dictionary (Some SLANG)	American Slang ---> English
Language Realm (Some more SLANG)	American Slang ---> English
Word Reference	English <---> Spanish
SpanishDict	English <---> Spanish
Dictionary.com --- Dictionary and Thesaraus	English <---> English
Marrian-Webster --- Dictionary and Thesaraus	English <---> English NOTE "rhymes with" below the definition
Cambridge Dictionary & more	British English <---> English

The 'ED' ending

Rule #1 -- The / ID / sound

For verbs ending in 'D' or 'T', the final -ed is pronounced like 'ID' as in the final two letters of 'DID'.
Note 1 - The final 'e' is pronounced as part of the 'ID' ending.
Note 2 - The final 'id' sound adds another syllable to the end of the word.

Ending Sound	Verb	Past Form	Pronounciation (Two sylable)	Spanish Definition
d	to add	added	add/id/	WordRef
d	to end	ended	end/id/	WordRef
d	to grade	graded	grade/id/	WordRef
d	to need	needed	need/id/	WordRef
t	to act	acted	act/id/	WordRef
t	to date	dated	date/id/	WordRef
t	to exit	exited	exit/id/	WordRef
t	to hate	hated	hate/id/	WordRef
t	to object	objected	object/id/	WordRef
t	to seat	seated	seat/id/	WordRef
t	to taste	tasted	taste/id/	WordRef
t	to want	wanted	want/id/	WordRef
Ending Sound	Verb	Past Form	Pronounciation (Three or Four sylable)	Spanish Definition
d	to decide	decided	de-ci-/DID/	WordRef
d	to include	included	in-clu-/DID/	WordRef
t	to excite	excited	ex-ci-/TID/	WordRef
't'	to associate	associated	as-so-cia-/TID	WordRef
T	to dedicate	dedicated	de-di-ca-/TID/	WordRef
't'	to escalate	escalated	es-ca-la-/TID	WordRef
't'	to saciate	saciateed	sa-ci-a-/TID	WordRef

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The 'ED' ending

Rule #2 -- The / D / sound

Note 1 - After voiced sounds such as b, g, l, m, n, r, v, z, and ng --- the final -ed is pronounced like 'D' as in the word good.
Note 2 - After all vowel sounds --- the final -ed is pronounced like 'D' as in the word good.

Ending Consonant Sound	Verb	Past Form	Pronounciation NO added syllable	Spanish Definition
b	to grab	grabbed	grab/D	WordRef
g	to beg	begged	beg/D	WordRef
g	to hug	hugged	hug/D	WordRef
l	to peel	peeled	peel/D	WordRef
m	to dream	dreamed	dream/D	WordRef
m	to resume	resumed	resume/D	WordRef
n	to clean	cleaned	clean/D	WordRef
n	to sign	signed	sign/D	WordRef
v	to save	saved	save/D	WordRef
'ng'	to bang	banged	bang/D	WordRef
'azh'	to massage	massaged	massage/D	WordRef
'age'	to rage	raged	rage/D	WordRef
'zz'	to ooze	oozed	ooze/D	WordRef
'zz'	to please	pleased	please/D	WordRef
Ending Vowel Sound	Verb	Past Form	Pronounciation NO added syllable	Spanish Definition
'ow'	to allowed	allowed	allow/D	WordRef
'ee'	to free	freed	free/D	WordRef
'ee'	to ski	skied	ski/D	WordRef
'i'	to live	lived	live/D	WordRef
'I'	to lie	lied	lie/D	WordRef
'I'	to try	tried	try/D	WordRef
'A'	to lay	laid	lay/D	WordRef
'A'	to play	played	play/D	WordRef
'A'	to stay	stayed	stay/D	WordRef

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The 'ED' ending

Rule #3 -- The / T / sound

Note 1 - After unvoiced sounds such as f, k, p, s, and ch, sh, tch and xs -- the final -ed is pronounced like 'T' as in the word cat.

Ending Sound	Verb	Past Form	Pronounciation (One sylable)	Spanish Definition
f	to laugh	laughed	laugh/t/	WordRef
f	to stuff	stuffed	stuff/t/	WordRef
k	to like	liked	like/t/	WordRef
k	to look	looked	look/t/	WordRef
k	to pick	picked	pick/t/	WordRef
k	to walk	walked	walk/t/	WordRef
p	to help	helped	help/t/	WordRef
p	to hope	hoped	hope/t/	WordRef
p	to shop	shopped	shop/t/	WordRef
s	to dice	diced	dice/t/	WordRef
s	to kiss	kissed	kiss/t/	WordRef
s	to miss	missed	miss/t/	WordRef
ch	to crunch	crunched	crunch/t/	WordRef
ch	to march	marched	march/t/	WordRef
sh	to finish	finished	finish/t/	WordRef
sh	to fish	fished	fish/t/	WordRef
sh	to wash	washed	wash/t/	WordRef
sh	to wish	wished	wish/t/	WordRef
tch	to march	marched	march/t/	WordRef
tch	to watch	watched	watch/t/	WordRef
x	to fax	faxed	fax/t/	WordRef
x	to fix	fixed	fix/t/	WordRef

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